I. Staying in Tunisia as a Foreigner

All individuals who are not Tunisian nationals, whether they hold foreign nationality or are stateless, are considered foreigners according to Article 1 of Law No. 68-7 of March 8, 1968 on the status of foreigners in Tunisia.

For nationals of several countries, including France, tourist stays of less than three months do not require a visa, provided you have a valid passport. Beyond this period, it is mandatory to apply for a long-stay visa and a temporary residence permit.

All foreigners living in Tunisia must obtain a residence permit once they turn 16 years old, matching the permit type of their parents.

The Different Types of Residence Permits

• Temporary residence permit — for foreigners holding a temporary residence visa.
• Ordinary residence permit — for foreigners holding an ordinary residence visa and those born in Tunisia who have lived there continuously.
• The ordinary residence permit is valid for two years and can be renewed.

II. Obtaining a Residence Permit in Tunisia

Foreign nationals planning to stay in Tunisia for more than three months must obtain a residence permit. The application process depends on the purpose of your stay, such as employment, studies, family reasons, investment, or retirement.

General Conditions

• Possessing a valid passport covering the entire duration of your stay.
• Having an appropriate entry visa where required.
• Providing proof of financial resources sufficient to cover living expenses.
• Justifying the purpose of stay with relevant documents (employment contract, enrollment certificate, etc.).
• Respecting public order and Tunisian laws during your stay.

Required Documents for a Residence Permit

The following documents are generally required when applying for a residence permit:

• A completed residence permit application form.
• A valid passport and photocopies of all relevant pages.
• Four recent passport-size photos.
• A copy of your entry visa (if applicable).
• A proof of address in Tunisia (lease, ownership document, or accommodation certificate).
• A bank statement or financial proof to demonstrate sufficient resources.
• Supporting documents depending on your situation (employment contract, business license, enrollment confirmation, etc.).

Additional Requirements Depending on Your Status

• For employees: a signed work contract validated by Tunisian authorities and a work permit.
• For students: an official enrollment certificate from the Tunisian educational institution.
• For retirees: proof of retirement pension and health coverage.
• For investors: a copy of the business registration and investment authorization when required.
• For spouses of Tunisian citizens: a marriage certificate and proof of shared residence.

III. Employment and Work Permits in Tunisia

Foreign nationals wishing to work in Tunisia must obtain both a work permit and a residence permit. Tunisian law strictly regulates the employment of expatriates to prioritize the local workforce, while still allowing foreign professionals in specific sectors.

How to Apply for a Work Permit

The work permit is issued by the Ministry of Employment and Vocational Training and requires several supporting documents:

• A signed employment contract between the foreign employee and the Tunisian company.
• A completed work permit application form.
• Copies of your passport and entry visa.
• Recent passport-size photos.
• Proof of professional qualifications when required.

Employers must demonstrate that the position cannot be filled by a Tunisian citizen unless the role requires specific international expertise.

Taxation Rules for Expatriates

Expatriates residing and working in Tunisia are subject to Tunisian income tax if they stay more than 183 days per year. The tax system applies progressively based on income brackets, with rates ranging from 0% to 35%.

• Individuals employed by a Tunisian company are taxed directly at the source.
• Self-employed expatriates must register with the Tunisian Tax Authority and declare their earnings quarterly.
• Double taxation agreements may apply depending on your country of origin.

Healthcare and Social Security for Expats

Tunisia offers both public healthcare and private medical services. Expatriates employed in Tunisia are generally covered under the National Social Security Fund (CNSS), which grants access to the public healthcare system.

• Employees: contributions are automatically deducted from your salary.
• Self-employed professionals: must register independently with CNSS and make monthly contributions.
• Private insurance: highly recommended to cover additional medical expenses and access private clinics.

IV. Investments and Starting a Business in Tunisia

Tunisia offers various opportunities for foreign investors wishing to start a business or invest in specific sectors such as tourism, agriculture, technology, and education. However, foreign investments are regulated under the Investment Code and may require prior authorization for certain industries.

Steps to Open a Business in Tunisia

• Choose your business structure (e.g., SARL, SA, or branch office).
• Register with the National Business Register (RNE).
• Obtain a tax identification number (ID fiscale).
• Comply with sector-specific authorizations if required.
• Open a corporate bank account in Tunisia.

Foreign investors can also benefit from several incentives, such as tax advantages and simplified import/export procedures in designated economic zones.

V. Retirement in Tunisia

Tunisia is an increasingly attractive destination for retirees thanks to its affordable cost of living, pleasant climate, and proximity to Europe. Retirees can obtain a residence permit by demonstrating sufficient financial resources and healthcare coverage.

• Retirees must provide proof of pension income from their home country.
• A health insurance policy covering Tunisia is required.
• Many expatriates choose coastal areas such as Hammamet, Sousse, and Djerba for their retirement lifestyle.

VI. Key Tips for Expats in Tunisia

• Always ensure your residence permit is valid and renewed on time.
• Understand local tax obligations to avoid penalties.
• Secure a good private healthcare plan for better medical services.
• Familiarize yourself with Tunisian labor laws if planning to work or start a business.
• Stay updated on visa regulations as they may change regularly.

Conclusion

Living in Tunisia as an expatriate offers many opportunities but also requires careful planning and compliance with Tunisian laws. Whether you plan to work, invest, study, or retire, understanding the regulations around visas, residence permits, taxes, and healthcare is essential.

This comprehensive guide provides the key steps to make your relocation smooth and legally secure, ensuring a better experience while enjoying all that Tunisia has to offer.